Although this well-known map has aroused a great deal of controversy, little more emerges from contemporary sources that the fact that the compiler of the work in which it was published was one Lazarus (Hungarian form: Lázár); we do not even know if this is a surname or a first name. The sources refer to him as a “scholar”, which at this time was a term used for those whose education included the study of Latin but not a university degree. It is clear that he was a Hungarian, but the designation of his occupation as “secretarius” does not at this time necessarily imply that he was secretary to some official, since officials of the royal chancery also bore this title. There are some 1,400 place-names on Lazarus’s map and the spelling of these, in respect of the representation of contemporary Hungary vowel sounds, overwhelmingly follows the conventions in the documents of the Hungarian chancery. It seems that the manuscript version of the map was completed by Lazarus around 1514. The title of the printed version, and other sources, suggest that he did not live to see his map published. The role of Georg Tannstetter, who taught at the University of Vienna and whose name appears in the title of the printed map, was probably the preparation of the manuscript map for the press. He was in all likelihood responsible for the title of the printed version. To provide room for the title and for the Emperor Ferdinand’s coat-of-arms on the map itself, he had “liberate” almost 200 square cm of space. This intervention changed to original design of the map: in particular, the characteristic direction of the flow of the Danube through Hungary was radically altered. Almost certainly, he was also responsible for the Latin and German description of Hungary on the lower part of the map. The map was found by Johannes Cuspinianus, a regular diplomatic visitor to Buda, presumably after Suleiman the Magnificent’s forces left it on 25 September 1526. He is the source of the historical comments, such as that on Trajan’s Bridge, and it was he who financed the publication of the map. The Tabula Hungarie (apart from its placenames) was carved in wood in the press of Peter Apianus of Ingolstadt. The cast type inscriptions and the place-names were and placed as small plates in the appropriate places by the process known as stereotyping. As far as we know this was probably the first example of the application of this revolutionary process to the production of maps in multiple copies. Unfortunately the inscriptions often fell off the surface of such printing blocks during the printing process, so that a number of the offprints were made are faulty. This copy of the Tabula Hungarie lacks a number of actual place-names where a place or settlement is marked. Thus it seems that the copy purchased by Count Sándor Apponyi in 1896 – the only copy extant and now in the National Library of Hungary under the shelfmark OSZK App. M. 136 – was not one of the first to be printed. The following later editions of Lazarus’s map are extant: Antonio Vavassore, Tabula Hungarie ad quatuor latera per Lazarum …Venice 1553, Pyrrho Ligorio Nova descriptio totius Hungariae … Rome 1559, [Antonio Lafreri] Nova descriptio totius Hungariae Rome 1558 and 1559, János Zsámboki (Sambucus) Ungariae Tanst[etteriana] descriptio … Vienna 1566, Claudio Ducheti Nova descriptio totius Hungariae, Rome 1569, Iohannes Orlandi Nova descriptio totius Hungariae, Rome 1602. The existence of one or more German editions based on those of Lafreri, Ducheti and Orlandi can be presumed on the grounds that only in these edition do we find the use of the scharfes ß in place-names such as Caßouia, Tießin etc.