4.5 Man-made features

The track network provides important information for the runner and the classification must be clearly recognisable on the map. Particularly important for the competitor is the classification of smaller paths. Account must be taken not only of the width, but also of how obvious the path is to the runner. Other man-made features are also important both for map reading and as control points.


501 Motorway
A road with two highways for the use of motor traffic only. The space between the black lines must be filled with brown (50-100%).
Colour: black and brown 50-100% (40 lines/cm).
502 Major road
Road wider than 5 m. The space between the black lines must be filled with brown (50-100%). A road under construction ( symbols 501, 502 and 503) may be shown with broken lines.
Colour: black and brown 50-100% (40 lines/cm).
503 Minor road
Road 3 - 5m wide. The space between the black lines must be filled with brown (50-100%).
Colour: black and brown 50-100% (40 lines/cm).
504 Road
A maintained road suitable for motor vehicles in all weather less than 3 m wide.
Colour: black.
505 Vehicle track
A track or poorly maintained road suitable for vehicles only when travelling slowly. Width less than ca 3 m.
Colour: black.
506 Footpath
A large path, or old vehicle track, which is distinct on the ground.
Colour: black.
507 Small path
A small path or (temporary) forest extraction track which can be followed at competition speed.
Colour: black.
508 Less distinct small path
A less distinct small path or forestry extraction track.
Colour: black.
509 Narrow ride
A distinct ride, less than ca. 5 m wide. A ride is a linear break in the forest (usually plantation) which does not have a distinct path along it. Where there is a path along a ride, symbols 507 or 508 should be used in place of symbol 509.
Colour: black.
510 Visible path junction
When a path junction or intersection of paths or tracks is visible, the dashes of the symbols are joined at the junction.
Colour: black.
511 Footbridge
A footbridge with no path leading to it.
Colour: black.
512 Crossing point with bridge
A path or track crossing a river, stream or ditch by a bridge.
513 Crossing point without bridge
A path or track crossing a river, stream or ditch without a bridge; a ford.
Colour: black.
514 Indistinct junction
When a junction of paths or tracks is not clear, the dashes of the symbols are not joined.
Colour: black.
515 Wide ride
A ride or firebreak, wider than 5 m. The edges are shown with the symbol for a vegetation boundary (416). The appropriate yellow or green screen should be used to fill in between the dotted lines for open or overgrown rides respectively.
Colour: black and yellow or green.
516 Railway
A railway or other kind of railed track (tramway, truckway, etc.).
Colour: black.
517 Power line
Power line, cableway or skilift. The bars indicate the exact location of the pylons.
Colour: black.
518 Major power line
Major power lines should be drawn with a double line.
Colour: black.
519 Tunnel
A way under roads, railways, etc. which may be used by the runner. This symbol is used whether or not the tunnel has a track leading to it.
Colour: black.
520 Stone wall
A stone wall or stone-faced bank.
Colour: black.
521 Ruined stone wall
A ruined stone wall may be shown by a dashed line.
Colour: black.
522 High stone wall
A stone wall higher than ca 1.5 m, not crossable to the average orienteer.
Colour: black.
523 Fence
A wooden or wire fence less than ca. 1.5 m high.
Colour: black.
524 Ruined fence
A ruined fence may be shown with a dashed line.
Colour: black.
525 High fence
A boarded or wire fence higher than ca 1.5 m, not crossable to the average orienteer, eg. deer fence.
Colour: black.
526 Crossing point
All ways through or over high fences or walls must be indicated. The symbol may also be used for a gate through or stile over a stone wall (520) or a fence (523).
Colour: black.
527 Building
A building is shown with its ground plan so far as the scale permits.
Colour: black.
528 Settlement
Houses and gardens and other built up areas. Roads, buildings and other significant features within a settlement must be shown. If all buildings cannot be shown an alternative symbol (black line screen 33%, 25 l/cm) may be used.
Colour: green 50% and yellow 100%.
529 Permanently out of bounds
Areas which are permanently forbidden to the runner are shown as out of bounds. The screen is superimposed on the normal map detail. A bounding line may be drawn if there is no natural boundary.
Colour: black or purple.
530 Parking area
A paved, asphalt or other surfaced area for parking or other purposes.
Colour: black and brown 50 - 100% (40 lines/cm).
531 Ruin
The ground plan of a ruin is shown to scale, down to the minimum size shown opposite. Very small ruins may be drawn with a solid line.
Colour: black.
532 Sports track
The plan of a sports track is shown to scale with yellow superimposed.
Colour: black with yellow and/or brown.
533 Firing range
A firing range is shown with a special symbol to indicate the need for caution. Associated buildings are individually marked.
Colour: black.
534 Grave
A distinct grave marked by a stone or shrine. Location is at the centre of gravity of the symbol, which is orientated to north. A cemetery is shown by using grave symbols as space permits.
Colour: black.
535 Crossable pipeline
A pipeline (gas, water, oil,etc.) above ground level which can be crossed over or under.
Colour: black.
536 Uncrossable pipeline
A pipeline which cannot be crossed.
Colour: black.
537 High tower
A high tower standing above the level of the surrounding forest. Location is at the centre of gravity of the symbol.
Colour: black.
538 Small tower
An obvious shooting platform or seat, or small tower (or a trig. point in some countries). Location is at the centre of gravity of the symbol.
Colour: black.
539 Cairn
Cairn, memorial stone or boundary stone (or a trig. point in some countries) more than 0.5 m high.
Colour: black.
540 Fodder rack
A fodder rack which is free standing or built on to a tree. Location is at the centre of gravity of the symbol. For land access reasons these may be omitted.
Colour: black.
541,542 Special man-made features
Special man-made features are shown with these symbols. The definition of the symbols must be given in each case in the map legend.
Colour: black.